USSR State Prize in the field of science and technology in 1991, «Creating of the multilayer optics in soft and ultrasoft X-ray wavelength range»

This work is a series of studies carried out in 1975−1988 and aimed at creating a high-aperture radiation-resistant optics of soft and ultrasoft X-ray wavelength range. The series includes works ranging from research, which set forth the basic principles of multilayer X-ray optics and the physical basis of the technology of multilayer structures of ultrathin films to manufacture x-ray devices and their use in physics experiments.

λ = 0.01−30 nm; R⊥ = 10-6 ÷ 10-2; Im ε1,2 ≠ 0 → R < 1; |1 — ε| << 1 → N >> 1 (N ~ 50 ÷ 300); d = h1 + h2; d ≈ 0,7 ÷ 30 nm; hmin = 0.4 ÷ 0.6 nm; |1 — ε| ≈ 10-6 ÷ 10-1.

The prize was awarded to the following scientists:

• A. D. Akhshalyan,
• A. V. Vinogradov (LPI RAS),
• S. V. Gaponov,
• V. M. Genkin,
• B. M. Luskin,
• Yu. Ya. Platonov,
• N. N. Salaschenko,
• A. I. Fedorenko (Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute).

D. G. Pavel’ev, G. M. Genkin, V. A. Tyurina, I. G. Zabrodin, S. V. Gaponlov, Yu. Ya. Platonov, E. B. Kluenkov, N. N. Salaschenko